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What is Carbonmonoxide?

Carbonmonoxide is a tasteless and odorless toxic gas. Carbonmonoxide gas occurs when substances that have carbon atoms like methane, benzine, wood and coal can not burn properly due to lack of oxygen. When carbonmonoxide gas is inhaled, it passes through lungs and dissolves in blood. There are proteins called hemoglobin in red blood cells, and the main function of hemoglobin is to carry oxygen for respiration. When carbonmonoxide gas dissolves in blood, it immediately bonds with hemoglobin proteins. Carbonmonoxide's bonding tendency to hemoglobin is 200-250 higher than oxygen. So once a person inhales carbonmonoxide, his/her oxygen level in blood starts decreasing. Inhaling carbonmonoxide has severe effects like headache, nausea, vomitting, and fainting. Exposure to carbonmonoxide for long durations and high concentrations may lead to intoxication and death.

Carbonmonoxide concentration is measured by ppm (particles per million). For example; 50 ppm of carbonmonoxide means that there are 50 molecules of carbonmonoxide in every 1.000.000 molecules in the air.

Also another method for measurement of carbonmonoxide is TWA (time weighted average). For example, if a person is exposed to 15 ppm carbonmonoxide during a day, TWA will be 15 ppm.

Exposure limit of carbonmonoxide

Exposure limit of carbonmonoxide is determined by different authorities in the world.* Each authority determines different limits. Limits that Health and Safety Executive's (HSE) publication EH40/2013, OSHA, NIOSH, and ACGIH are stated below: